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Ducted air conditioning systems

This is an air-based system, which is the most common type in larger office buildings. Fresh air is drawn into the building through the intake louvre, mixed with return air, heated or cooled to a controlled temperature, circulated around the building and provided to the occupied space. Local temperature control is provided by a terminal reheat unit attached to a temperature controller within the occupied space. Exhaust air is extracted from the space and dumped to the outside. In general, the majority of the return air is recycled via the return air duct.

VAV systems

The variable air volume air handling system is also  know as a VAV system. With the VAV systems, chilled air is distributed to spaces from an air handling unit, and the temperature of individual spaces is controlled by throttling the quanity of air into each space. The throttling is accomplished by thermal units that are controlled by the space thermostats.VAV systems were introduced as a more efficient alternative to constant volume reheat systems. The VAV concept offers two major advantages; it reduces or eliminates reheat and reduces fan power.

Induction systems

Induction terminal units have no fans. Air movement through coils in the terminal unit is induced by high-pressure air, called, “primary air,” that comes from a central air handling unit. The primary air is passed through an array of nozzles in the terminal unit that creates a vacuum effect. The vacuum recirculates air from the space through the terminal coil. The space air, called “secondary air,” mixes with the primary air and is discharged into the space.